United States vs Euro Area · Real-time payment systems compared
| Capability | RTP | SEPA Instant |
|---|---|---|
| QR Code Payments | — | — |
| Wallet Support | — | — |
| 24/7 Availability | ✓ | ✓ |
| Cross-Border | — | ✓ |
| ISO 20022 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Request to Pay | ✓ | ✓ |
| Open API | ✓ | ◐ |
| Alias/Proxy | — | ◐ |
The first modern US instant payment system, operated by The Clearing House (owned by 22 of the largest US banks). RTP launched in 2017 and supports credit transfers up to $1M with immediate finality — no chargebacks or returns. It also offers Request for Payment (RfP) messaging for bill pay and invoicing. While FedNow provides Fed-backed infrastructure, RTP has a head start with broader bank connectivity and higher transaction limits, and processes the majority of US instant payment volume today.
Pan-European instant credit transfer scheme enabling payments across 36 SEPA countries in under 10 seconds, 24/7/365. Transactions clear through the ECB's TIPS platform or EBA Clearing's RT1 system, with a maximum amount of €100,000. The EU's Instant Payments Regulation (IPR) mandates all eurozone banks to offer SCT Inst by 2025, dramatically expanding reach. Built on ISO 20022, it represents the largest cross-border instant payment zone in the world by number of participating countries. Wero, the digital wallet launched by the European Payments Initiative (EPI) in 2024, runs on SCT Inst rails — Wero transactions are included in these figures.