Cambodia vs Singapore · Real-time payment systems compared
| Capability | Bakong | FAST |
|---|---|---|
| QR Code Payments | ✓ | ◐ |
| Wallet Support | ✓ | ◐ |
| 24/7 Availability | ✓ | ✓ |
| Cross-Border | ✓ | ✓ |
| ISO 20022 | — | ✓ |
| Request to Pay | — | — |
| Open API | ◐ | ◐ |
| Alias/Proxy | ✓ | ✓ |
Cambodia's national payment platform launched by the National Bank of Cambodia in October 2020, built on a permissioned Hyperledger Iroha DLT with an integrated central-bank-issued digital tenge equivalent in both KHR and USD. Bakong enables 24/7 interbank fund transfers, QR-code retail payments via the KHQR standard, and P2P transfers. Notable for its dual-currency design (aimed at supporting the government's promotion of the riel in a heavily dollarised economy) and its extensive cross-border interoperability with Thailand's PromptPay, Laos' LAPNet, Vietnam's NAPAS and India's UPI.
Singapore's two-layer instant payment infrastructure: FAST (Fast And Secure Transfers, 2014) provides the real-time clearing rail, while PayNow (2017) adds a proxy-based overlay allowing transfers via mobile number, NRIC/FIN, UEN, or VPA. PayNow has cross-border linkages with India's UPI, Thailand's PromptPay, and Malaysia's DuitNow. Governed by the Association of Banks in Singapore (ABS) under MAS oversight, the system supports P2P, P2M, and government disbursements with no transaction fees for individuals.